vm: enhance cached data handling for empty functions and add validation tests

src/node_contextify.cc

@@ -1564,9 +1564,13 @@ Local<Object> ContextifyContext::CompileFunctionAndCacheResult(
     return Object::New(env->isolate());
 
   std::unique_ptr<ScriptCompiler::CachedData> new_cached_data;
-  if (produce_cached_data) {
-    new_cached_data.reset(ScriptCompiler::CreateCodeCacheForFunction(fn));
+  if (produce_cached_data && !fn.IsEmpty()) {
+    TryCatchScope try_cache(env);
+    if (options != ScriptCompiler::kConsumeCodeCache) {
+      new_cached_data.reset(ScriptCompiler::CreateCodeCacheForFunction(fn));
+    }
   }
+
   if (StoreCodeCacheResult(env,
                            result,
                            options,

test/parallel/test-vm-cached-data-validation.js

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+'use strict';
+
+require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const vm = require('vm');
+
+// Test that creating cached data for an empty function doesn't crash
+{
+  const script = new vm.Script('');
+  // Get cached data from empty script
+  const cachedData = script.createCachedData();
+
+  // Previously this would trigger a fatal V8 error:
+  // FATAL ERROR: v8::ScriptCompiler::CreateCodeCacheForFunction Expected SharedFunctionInfo with wrapped source code
+  vm.compileFunction('', undefined, {
+    cachedData,
+    produceCachedData: true
+  });
+}
+
+// Test normal case with actual function content still works
+{
+  const script = new vm.Script('function test() { return 42; }');
+  const cachedData = script.createCachedData();
+
+  const fn = vm.compileFunction('return 42', undefined, {
+    cachedData,
+    produceCachedData: true
+  });
+
+  const expected = 42;
+  assert.strictEqual(fn(), expected);
+}