Merge branch 'main' into methodcaller_ft_v2

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build CPython
         run: |
           make -j4 regen-all
-          make regen-stdlib-module-names regen-sbom
+          make regen-stdlib-module-names regen-sbom regen-unicodedata
       - name: Check for changes
         run: |
           git add -u
@@ -235,10 +235,19 @@ jobs:
         free-threading:
         - false
         - true
+        os:
+        - ubuntu-24.04
+        - ubuntu-24.04-aarch64
+        is-fork:  # only used for the exclusion trick
+        - ${{ github.repository_owner != 'python' }}
+        exclude:
+        - os: ubuntu-24.04-aarch64
+          is-fork: true
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-ubuntu.yml
     with:
       config_hash: ${{ needs.check_source.outputs.config_hash }}
       free-threading: ${{ matrix.free-threading }}
+      os: ${{ matrix.os }}
 
   build_ubuntu_ssltests:
     name: 'Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL'

.github/workflows/jit.yml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
   interpreter:
     name: Interpreter (Debug)
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     timeout-minutes: 90
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -78,10 +78,11 @@ jobs:
             runner: macos-14
           - target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc
             architecture: x86_64
-            runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            runner: ubuntu-24.04
           - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc
             architecture: aarch64
-            runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            # Forks don't have access to our paid AArch64 runners. These jobs are skipped below:
+            runner: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'python' && 'ubuntu-24.04-aarch64' || 'ubuntu-24.04' }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ jobs:
 
         # The `find` line is required as a result of https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/9966.
         # This is a bug in the macOS runner image where the pre-installed Python is installed in the same
-        # directory as the Homebrew Python, which causes the build to fail for macos-13. This line removes 
+        # directory as the Homebrew Python, which causes the build to fail for macos-13. This line removes
         # the symlink to the pre-installed Python so that the Homebrew Python is used instead.
       - name: Native macOS
         if: runner.os == 'macOS'
@@ -118,37 +119,19 @@ jobs:
           ./python.exe -m test --multiprocess 0 --timeout 4500 --verbose2 --verbose3
 
       - name: Native Linux
-        if: runner.os == 'Linux' && matrix.architecture == 'x86_64'
+        # Forks don't have access to our paid AArch64 runners. Skip those:
+        if: runner.os == 'Linux' && (matrix.architecture == 'x86_64' || github.repository_owner == 'python')
         run: |
           sudo bash -c "$(wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh)" ./llvm.sh ${{ matrix.llvm }}
           export PATH="$(llvm-config-${{ matrix.llvm }} --bindir):$PATH"
           ./configure --enable-experimental-jit ${{ matrix.debug && '--with-pydebug' || '' }}
           make all --jobs 4
           ./python -m test --multiprocess 0 --timeout 4500 --verbose2 --verbose3
 
-      - name: Emulated Linux
-        if: runner.os == 'Linux' && matrix.architecture != 'x86_64'
-        # The --ignorefile on ./python -m test is used to exclude tests known to fail when running on an emulated Linux.
-        run: |
-          sudo bash -c "$(wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh)" ./llvm.sh ${{ matrix.llvm }}
-          export PATH="$(llvm-config-${{ matrix.llvm }} --bindir):$PATH"
-          ./configure --prefix="$(pwd)/../build"
-          make install --jobs 4
-          make clean --jobs 4
-          export HOST=${{ matrix.architecture }}-linux-gnu
-          sudo apt install --yes "gcc-$HOST" qemu-user
-          export QEMU_LD_PREFIX="/usr/$HOST"
-          CC="$HOST-gcc" \
-            CPP="$HOST-gcc --preprocess" \
-            HOSTRUNNER=qemu-${{ matrix.architecture }} \
-            ./configure --enable-experimental-jit ${{ matrix.debug && '--with-pydebug' || '' }} --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host="$HOST" --with-build-python=../build/bin/python3 --with-pkg-config=no ac_cv_buggy_getaddrinfo=no ac_cv_file__dev_ptc=no ac_cv_file__dev_ptmx=yes
-          make all --jobs 4
-          ./python -m test --ignorefile=Tools/jit/ignore-tests-emulated-linux.txt --multiprocess 0 --timeout 4500 --verbose2 --verbose3
-
   jit-with-disabled-gil:
     name: Free-Threaded (Debug)
     needs: interpreter
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
         llvm:

.github/workflows/reusable-ubuntu.yml

@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ on:
         required: false
         type: boolean
         default: false
+      os:
+         description: OS to run the job
+         required: true
+         type: string
 
 jobs:
   build_ubuntu_reusable:
-    name: 'build and test'
+    name: build and test (${{ inputs.os }})
     timeout-minutes: 60
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-24.04, ubuntu-24.04-aarch64]
+    runs-on: ${{ inputs.os }}
     env:
       FORCE_COLOR: 1
       OPENSSL_VER: 3.0.15
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: actions/cache@v4
       with:
         path: ./multissl/openssl/${{ env.OPENSSL_VER }}
-        key: ${{ matrix.os }}-multissl-openssl-${{ env.OPENSSL_VER }}
+        key: ${{ inputs.os }}-multissl-openssl-${{ env.OPENSSL_VER }}
     - name: Install OpenSSL
       if: steps.cache-openssl.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
       run: python3 Tools/ssl/multissltests.py --steps=library --base-directory "$MULTISSL_DIR" --openssl "$OPENSSL_VER" --system Linux
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ jobs:
       working-directory: ${{ env.CPYTHON_BUILDDIR }}
       run: make -j
     - name: Build CPython out-of-tree (for compiler warning check)
-      if: ${{ !inputs.free-threading}}
+      if: ${{ !inputs.free-threading }}
       working-directory: ${{ env.CPYTHON_BUILDDIR }}
       run: set -o pipefail; make -j --output-sync 2>&1 | tee compiler_output_ubuntu.txt
     - name: Display build info

Doc/c-api/exceptions.rst

@@ -853,12 +853,23 @@ The following functions are used to create and modify Unicode exceptions from C.
    *\*start*.  *start* must not be ``NULL``.  Return ``0`` on success, ``-1`` on
    failure.
 
+   If the :attr:`UnicodeError.object` is an empty sequence, the resulting
+   *start* is ``0``. Otherwise, it is clipped to ``[0, len(object) - 1]``.
+
+   .. seealso:: :attr:`UnicodeError.start`
+
 .. c:function:: int PyUnicodeDecodeError_SetStart(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t start)
                 int PyUnicodeEncodeError_SetStart(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t start)
                 int PyUnicodeTranslateError_SetStart(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t start)
 
-   Set the *start* attribute of the given exception object to *start*.  Return
-   ``0`` on success, ``-1`` on failure.
+   Set the *start* attribute of the given exception object to *start*.
+   Return ``0`` on success, ``-1`` on failure.
+
+   .. note::
+
+      While passing a negative *start* does not raise an exception,
+      the corresponding getters will not consider it as a relative
+      offset.
 
 .. c:function:: int PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetEnd(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t *end)
                 int PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t *end)
@@ -868,13 +879,18 @@ The following functions are used to create and modify Unicode exceptions from C.
    *\*end*.  *end* must not be ``NULL``.  Return ``0`` on success, ``-1`` on
    failure.
 
+   If the :attr:`UnicodeError.object` is an empty sequence, the resulting
+   *end* is ``0``. Otherwise, it is clipped to ``[1, len(object)]``.
+
 .. c:function:: int PyUnicodeDecodeError_SetEnd(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t end)
                 int PyUnicodeEncodeError_SetEnd(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t end)
                 int PyUnicodeTranslateError_SetEnd(PyObject *exc, Py_ssize_t end)
 
    Set the *end* attribute of the given exception object to *end*.  Return ``0``
    on success, ``-1`` on failure.
 
+   .. seealso:: :attr:`UnicodeError.end`
+
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetReason(PyObject *exc)
                 PyObject* PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetReason(PyObject *exc)
                 PyObject* PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetReason(PyObject *exc)

Doc/c-api/stable.rst

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Limited C API
 
 Python 3.2 introduced the *Limited API*, a subset of Python's C API.
 Extensions that only use the Limited API can be
-compiled once and work with multiple versions of Python.
+compiled once and be loaded on multiple versions of Python.
 Contents of the Limited API are :ref:`listed below <limited-api-list>`.
 
 .. c:macro:: Py_LIMITED_API
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Contents of the Limited API are :ref:`listed below <limited-api-list>`.
 
    Define ``Py_LIMITED_API`` to the value of :c:macro:`PY_VERSION_HEX`
    corresponding to the lowest Python version your extension supports.
-   The extension will work without recompilation with all Python 3 releases
+   The extension will be ABI-compatible with all Python 3 releases
    from the specified one onward, and can use Limited API introduced up to that
    version.
 
@@ -94,7 +94,15 @@ Stable ABI
 ----------
 
 To enable this, Python provides a *Stable ABI*: a set of symbols that will
-remain compatible across Python 3.x versions.
+remain ABI-compatible across Python 3.x versions.
+
+.. note::
+
+   The Stable ABI prevents ABI issues, like linker errors due to missing
+   symbols or data corruption due to changes in structure layouts or function
+   signatures.
+   However, other changes in Python can change the *behavior* of extensions.
+   See Python's Backwards Compatibility Policy (:pep:`387`) for details.
 
 The Stable ABI contains symbols exposed in the :ref:`Limited API
 <limited-c-api>`, but also other ones – for example, functions necessary to

Doc/c-api/unicode.rst

@@ -1588,6 +1588,11 @@ object.
 
    Create a Unicode writer instance.
 
+   *length* must be greater than or equal to ``0``.
+
+   If *length* is greater than ``0``, preallocate an internal buffer of
+   *length* characters.
+
    Set an exception and return ``NULL`` on error.
 
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyUnicodeWriter_Finish(PyUnicodeWriter *writer)
@@ -1596,12 +1601,16 @@ object.
 
    Set an exception and return ``NULL`` on error.
 
+   The writer instance is invalid after this call.
+
 .. c:function:: void PyUnicodeWriter_Discard(PyUnicodeWriter *writer)
 
    Discard the internal Unicode buffer and destroy the writer instance.
 
    If *writer* is ``NULL``, no operation is performed.
 
+   The writer instance is invalid after this call.
+
 .. c:function:: int PyUnicodeWriter_WriteChar(PyUnicodeWriter *writer, Py_UCS4 ch)
 
    Write the single Unicode character *ch* into *writer*.

Doc/conf.py

@@ -78,6 +78,13 @@
 .. |python_version_literal| replace:: ``Python {version}``
 .. |python_x_dot_y_literal| replace:: ``python{version}``
 .. |usr_local_bin_python_x_dot_y_literal| replace:: ``/usr/local/bin/python{version}``
+
+.. Apparently this how you hack together a formatted link:
+   (https://www.docutils.org/docs/ref/rst/directives.html#replacement-text)
+.. |FORCE_COLOR| replace:: ``FORCE_COLOR``
+.. _FORCE_COLOR: https://force-color.org/
+.. |NO_COLOR| replace:: ``NO_COLOR``
+.. _NO_COLOR: https://no-color.org/
 """
 
 # There are two options for replacing |today|. Either, you set today to some

Doc/data/refcounts.dat

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ PyCapsule_IsValid:const char*:name::
 PyCapsule_New:PyObject*::+1:
 PyCapsule_New:void*:pointer::
 PyCapsule_New:const char *:name::
-PyCapsule_New::void (* destructor)(PyObject* )::
+PyCapsule_New:void (*)(PyObject *):destructor::
 
 PyCapsule_SetContext:int:::
 PyCapsule_SetContext:PyObject*:self:0:
@@ -349,11 +349,11 @@ PyComplex_CheckExact:int:::
 PyComplex_CheckExact:PyObject*:p:0:
 
 PyComplex_FromCComplex:PyObject*::+1:
-PyComplex_FromCComplex::Py_complex v::
+PyComplex_FromCComplex:Py_complex:v::
 
 PyComplex_FromDoubles:PyObject*::+1:
-PyComplex_FromDoubles::double real::
-PyComplex_FromDoubles::double imag::
+PyComplex_FromDoubles:double:real::
+PyComplex_FromDoubles:double:imag::
 
 PyComplex_ImagAsDouble:double:::
 PyComplex_ImagAsDouble:PyObject*:op:0:
@@ -620,7 +620,9 @@ PyErr_GetExcInfo:PyObject**:pvalue:+1:
 PyErr_GetExcInfo:PyObject**:ptraceback:+1:
 
 PyErr_GetRaisedException:PyObject*::+1:
-PyErr_SetRaisedException::::
+
+PyErr_SetRaisedException:void:::
+PyErr_SetRaisedException:PyObject *:exc:0:stolen
 
 PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches:int:::
 PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches:PyObject*:given:0:
@@ -640,9 +642,9 @@ PyErr_NewExceptionWithDoc:PyObject*:dict:0:
 PyErr_NoMemory:PyObject*::null:
 
 PyErr_NormalizeException:void:::
-PyErr_NormalizeException:PyObject**:exc::???
-PyErr_NormalizeException:PyObject**:val::???
-PyErr_NormalizeException:PyObject**:tb::???
+PyErr_NormalizeException:PyObject**:exc:+1:???
+PyErr_NormalizeException:PyObject**:val:+1:???
+PyErr_NormalizeException:PyObject**:tb:+1:???
 
 PyErr_Occurred:PyObject*::0:
 
@@ -1314,7 +1316,7 @@ PyMapping_GetItemString:const char*:key::
 
 PyMapping_HasKey:int:::
 PyMapping_HasKey:PyObject*:o:0:
-PyMapping_HasKey:PyObject*:key::
+PyMapping_HasKey:PyObject*:key:0:
 
 PyMapping_HasKeyString:int:::
 PyMapping_HasKeyString:PyObject*:o:0:
@@ -1474,7 +1476,7 @@ PyModule_GetState:void*:::
 PyModule_GetState:PyObject*:module:0:
 
 PyModule_New:PyObject*::+1:
-PyModule_New::char* name::
+PyModule_New:char*:name::
 
 PyModule_NewObject:PyObject*::+1:
 PyModule_NewObject:PyObject*:name:+1:
@@ -1484,7 +1486,7 @@ PyModule_SetDocString:PyObject*:module:0:
 PyModule_SetDocString:const char*:docstring::
 
 PyModuleDef_Init:PyObject*::0:
-PyModuleDef_Init:PyModuleDef*:def:0:
+PyModuleDef_Init:PyModuleDef*:def::
 
 PyNumber_Absolute:PyObject*::+1:
 PyNumber_Absolute:PyObject*:o:0:
@@ -1984,10 +1986,10 @@ PyRun_StringFlags:PyObject*:locals:0:
 PyRun_StringFlags:PyCompilerFlags*:flags::
 
 PySeqIter_Check:int:::
-PySeqIter_Check::op::
+PySeqIter_Check:PyObject *:op:0:
 
 PySeqIter_New:PyObject*::+1:
-PySeqIter_New:PyObject*:seq::
+PySeqIter_New:PyObject*:seq:0:
 
 PySequence_Check:int:::
 PySequence_Check:PyObject*:o:0:
@@ -2421,7 +2423,7 @@ PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH:PyObject*:o:0:
 PyUnicode_KIND:int:::
 PyUnicode_KIND:PyObject*:o:0:
 
-PyUnicode_MAX_CHAR_VALUE::::
+PyUnicode_MAX_CHAR_VALUE:Py_UCS4:::
 PyUnicode_MAX_CHAR_VALUE:PyObject*:o:0:
 
 Py_UNICODE_ISALNUM:int:::
@@ -2488,7 +2490,7 @@ PyUnicode_FromWideChar:const wchar_t*:w::
 PyUnicode_FromWideChar:Py_ssize_t:size::
 
 PyUnicode_AsWideChar:Py_ssize_t:::
-PyUnicode_AsWideChar:PyObject*:*unicode:0:
+PyUnicode_AsWideChar:PyObject*:unicode:0:
 PyUnicode_AsWideChar:wchar_t*:w::
 PyUnicode_AsWideChar:Py_ssize_t:size::
 
@@ -2541,7 +2543,7 @@ PyUnicode_AsUTF8String:PyObject*:unicode:0:
 
 PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize:const char*:::
 PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize:PyObject*:unicode:0:
-PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize:Py_ssize_t*:size:0:
+PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize:Py_ssize_t*:size::
 
 PyUnicode_AsUTF8:const char*:::
 PyUnicode_AsUTF8:PyObject*:unicode:0:
@@ -2864,13 +2866,13 @@ PyUnicodeDecodeError_SetStart:PyObject*:exc:0:
 PyUnicodeDecodeError_SetStart:Py_ssize_t:start::
 
 PyWeakref_Check:int:::
-PyWeakref_Check:PyObject*:ob::
+PyWeakref_Check:PyObject*:ob:0:
 
 PyWeakref_CheckProxy:int:::
-PyWeakref_CheckProxy:PyObject*:ob::
+PyWeakref_CheckProxy:PyObject*:ob:0:
 
 PyWeakref_CheckRef:int:::
-PyWeakref_CheckRef:PyObject*:ob::
+PyWeakref_CheckRef:PyObject*:ob:0:
 
 PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT:PyObject*::0:
 PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT:PyObject*:ref:0: