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List of Patterns |
See the [[README]] for an explanation and discussion about this project and how to use it.
A pattern language has the structure of a network. [...] The sequence of patterns is both a summary of the language, and at the same time, an index to the patterns. -- p. xviii
We begin with that part of the language which defines a town or community. These patterns can never be designed or built in one fell swoop -- but patient piecemeal growth, designed in such a way that every individual act is always helping to create or generate these larger global patterns, will, slowly and surely, over the years, make a community that has these global patterns in it. -- p. xix
Do what you can to establish a world government, with a thousand independent regions, instead of countries;
- [[Independent Regions (1) | Independent Regions]]
Within each region work toward those regional policies which will protect the land and mark the limits of cities;
- [[The Distribution of Towns (2) | The Distribution of Towns]]
- [[City Country Fingers (3) | City Country Fingers]]
- [[Agricultural Valleys (4) | Agricultural Valleys]]
- [[Lace of Country Streets (5) | Lace of Country Streets]]
- [[Country Towns (6) | Country Towns]]
- [[The Countryside (7) | The Countryside]]
Through city policies, encourage the piecemeal formation of those major structures which define the city;
- [[Mosaic of Subcultures (8) | Mosaic of Subcultures]]
- [[Scattered Work (9) | Scattered Work]]
- [[Magic of the City (10) | Magic of the City]]
- [[Local Transport Areas (11) | Local Transport Areas]]
Build up these larger patterns from the grass roots, through action essentially controlled by two levels of self-governing communities, which exist as physically identifiable places;
- [[Community of 7000 (12) | Community of 7000]]
- [[Subculture Boundary (13) | Subculture Boundary]]
- [[Identifiable Neighborhood (14) | Identifiable Neighborhood]]
- [[Neighborhood Boundary (15) | Neighborhood Boundary]]
Connect communities to one another by encouraging the growth of the following networks;
- [[Web of Public Transport (16) | Web of Public Transport]]
- [[Ring Roads (17) | Ring Roads]]
- [[Network of Learning (18) | Network of Learning]]
- [[Web of Shopping (19) | Web of Shopping]]
- [[Mini-Buses (20) | Mini-Buses]]
Establish community and neighborhood policy to control the character of the local government according to the following principles;
- [[Four-Story Limit (21) | Four-Story Limit]]
- [[Nine Per Cent Parking (22) | Nine Per Cent Parking]]
- [[Parallel Roads (23) | Parallel Roads]]
- [[Sacred Sites (24) | Sacred Sites]]
- [[Access to Water (25) | Access to Water]]
- [[Life Cycle (26) | Life Cycle]]
- [[Men and Women (27) | Men and Women]]
Both in the neighborhoods and the communities, and in beween them, in the boundaries, encourage the formation of local centers;
- [[Eccentric Nucleus (28) | Eccentric Nucleus]]
- [[Density Rings (29) | Density Rings]]
- [[Activity Nodes (30) | Activity Nodes]]
- [[Promenade (31) | Promenade]]
- [[Shopping Street (32) | Shopping Street]]
- [[Night Life (33) | Night Life]]
- [[Interchange (34) | Interchange]]
Around these centers, provide for the growth of housing in the form of clusters, based on face-to-face human groups;
- [[Household Mix (35) | Household Mix]]
- [[Degrees of Publicness (36) | Degrees of Publicness]]
- [[House Cluster (37) | House Cluster]]
- [[Row Houses (38) | Row Houses]]
- [[Housing Hill (39) | Housing Hill]]
- [[Old People Everywhere (40) | Old People Everywhere]]
Between the house clusters, around the centers, and especially in the boundaries between the neighbourhoods, encourage the formation of work communities;
- [[Work Community (41) | Work Community]]
- [[Industrial Ribbon (42) | Industrial Ribbon]]
- [[University as a Marketplace (43) | University as a Marketplace]]
- [[Local Town Hall (44) | Local Town Hall]]
- [[Necklace of Community Projects (45) | Necklace of Community Projects]]
- [[Market of Many Shops (46) | Market of Many Shops]]
- [[Health Center (47) | Health Center]]
- [[Housing In Between (48) | Housing In Between]]
Between the house clusters and work communities, allow the local road and path network to grow informally, piecemeal;
- [[Looped Local Roads (49) | Looped Local Roads]]
- [[T Junctions (50) | T Junctions]]
- [[Green Streets (51) | Green Streets]]
- [[Network of Paths and Cars (52) | Network of Paths and Cars]]
- [[Main Gateways (53) | Main Gateways]]
- [[Road Crossing (54) | Road Crossing]]
- [[Raised Walk (55) | Raised Walk]]
- [[Bike Paths and Racks (56) | Bike Paths and Racks]]
- [[Children in the City (57) | Children in the City]]
In the communities and neighborhoods, provide public open land where people can relax, rub shoulders, and renew themselves;
- [[Carnival (58) | Carnival]]
- [[Quiet Backs (59) | Quiet Backs]]
- [[Accessible Green (60) | Accessible Green]]
- [[Small Public Squares (61) | Small Public Squares]]
- [[High Places (62) | High Places]]
- [[Dancing in the Street (63) | Dancing in the Street]]
- [[Pools and Streams (64) | Pools and Streams]]
- [[Birth Places (65) | Birth Places]]
- [[Holy Ground (66) | Holy Ground]]
In each house cluster and work community, provide the smaller bits of common land, to provide for local versions of the same needs;
- [[Common Land (67) | Common Land]]
- [[Connected Play (68) | Connected Play]]
- [[Public Outdoor Room (69) | Public Outdoor Room]]
- [[Grave Sites (70) | Grave Sites]]
- [[Still Water (71) | Still Water]]
- [[Local Sports (72) | Local Sports]]
- [[Adventure Playground (73) | Adventure Playground]]
- [[Animals (74) | Animals]]
Within the framework of the common land, the clusters, and the work communities encourage transformation of the smallest independent social institutions: the families, workgroups, and gathering places. The family, in all its forms;
- [[The Family (75) | The Family]]
- [[House for a Small Family (76) | House for a Small Family]]
- [[House for a Couple (77) | House for a Couple]]
- [[House for One Person (78) | House for One Person]]
- [[Your Own Home (79) | Your Own Home]]
The workgroups, including all kinds of workshops and offices and even children's learning groups;
- [[Self-Governing Workshops and Offices (80) | Self-Governing Workshops and Offices]]
- [[Small Services Without Red Tape (81) | Small Services Without Red Tape]]
- [[Office Connections (82) | Office Connections]]
- [[Master and Apprentices (83) | Master and Apprentice]]
- [[Teenage Society (84) | Teenage Society]]
- [[Shopfront Schools (85) | Shopfront Schools]]
- [[Children's Home (86) | Children's Home]]
The local shops and gathering places.
- [[Individually Owned Shops (87) | Individually Owned Shops]]
- [[Street Cafe (88) | Street Cafe]]
- [[Corner Grocery (89) | Corner Grocery]]
- [[Beer Hall (90) | Beer Hall]]
- [[Traveler's Inn (91) | Traveler's Inn]]
- [[Bus Stop (92) | Bus Stop]]
- [[Food Stands (93) | Food Stands]]
- [[Sleeping in Public (94) | Sleeping in Public]]
This completes the global patterns which define a town or community. We now start that part of the language which gives shape to groups of buildings, and individual buildings, on the land, in three dimensions. These are the patterns which can be "designed" or "built" -- the patterns which define the individual buildings and spaces between buildings; where we are dealing for the first time with patterns that are under the control of individuals or small groups of individuals, who are able to build the patterns all at once. -- p. xxv
The first group of patterns helps to lay out the overall arrangement of a group of buildings: the height and number of these buildings, the entrances to the site, main parking areas, and lines of movement through the complex;
- [[Building Complex (95) | Building Complex]]
- [[Number of Stories (96) | Number of Stories]]
- [[Shielded Parking (97) | Shielded Parking]]
- [[Circulation Realms (98) | Circulation Realms]]
- [[Main Building (99) | Main Building]]
- [[Pedestrian Street (100) | Pedestrian Street]]
- [[Building Thoroughfare (101) | Building Thoroughfare]]
- [[Family of Entrances (102) | Family of Entrances]]
- [[Small Parking Lots (103) | Small Parking Lots]]
Fix the position of individual buildings on the site, within the complex, one by one, according to the nature of the site, the trees, the sun: this one of the most important moments in the language;
- [[Site Repair (104) | Site Repair]]
- [[South Facing Outdoors (105) | South Facing Outdoors]]
- [[Positive Outdoor Space (106) | Positive Outdoor Space]]
- [[Wings of Light (107) | Wings of Light]]
- [[Connected Buildings (108) | Connected Buildings]]
- [[Long Thin House (109) | Long Thin House]]
Within the buildings' wings, lay out the entrances, the gardens, courtyards, roofs, and terraces: shape both the volume of the buildings and the volume of the space between the buildings at the same time -- remembering that indoor space and outdoor space, yin and yang, must always get their shape together;
- [[Main Entrance (110) | Main Entrance]]
- [[Half-Hidden Garden (111) | Half-Hidden Garden]]
- [[Entrance Transition (112) | Entrance Transition]]
- [[Car Connection (113) | Car Connection]]
- [[Hierarchy of Open Space (114) | Hierarchy of Open Space]]
- [[Courtyards Which Live (115) | Courtyards Which Live]]
- [[Cascade of Roofs (116) | Cascade of Roofs]]
- [[Sheltering Roof (117) | Sheltering Roof]]
- [[Roof Garden (118) | Roof Garden]]
When the major parts of buildings and the outdoor areas have been given their rough shape, it is time to give more detailed attention to the paths and squares between the buildings;
- [[Arcades (119) | Arcades]]
- [[Paths and Goals (120) | Paths and Goals]]
- [[Path Shape (121) | Path Shape]]
- [[Building Fronts (122) | Building Fronts]]
- [[Pedestrian Density (123) | Pedestrian Density]]
- [[Activity Pockets (124) | Activity Pockets]]
- [[Stair Seats (125) | Stair Seats]]
- [[Something Roughly in the Middle (126) | Something Roughly in the Middle]]
Now, with the paths fixed, we come back to the buildings: within the various wings of any one building, work out the fundamental gradients of space, and decide how the movement will connect the spaces in the gradients;
- [[Intimacy Gradient (127) | Intimacy Gradient]]
- [[Indoor Sunlight (128) | Indoor Sunlight]]
- [[Common Areas at the Heart (129) | Common Areas at the Heart]]
- [[Entrance Room (130) | Entrance Room]]
- [[The Flow Through Rooms (131) | The Flow Through Rooms]]
- [[Short Passages (132) | Short Passages]]
- [[Staircase as a Stage (133) | Staircase as a Stage]]
- [[Zen View (134) | Zen View]]
- [[Tapestry of Light and Dark (135) | Tapestry of Light and Dark]]
Within the framework of the wings and their internal gradients of space and movement, define the most important areas and rooms. First, for a house;
- [[Couple's Realm (136) | Couple's Realm]]
- [[Children's Realm (137) | Children's Realm]]
- [[Sleeping to the East (138) | Sleeping to the East]]
- [[Farmhouse Kitchen (139) | Farmhouse Kitchen]]
- [[Private Terrace on the Street (140) | Private Terrace on the Street]]
- [[A Room of One's Own (141) | A Room of One's Own]]
- [[Sequence of Sitting Spaces (142) | Sequence of Sitting Spaces]]
- [[Bed Cluster (143) | Bed Cluster]]
- [[Bathing Room (144) | Bathing Room]]
- [[Bulk Storage (145) | Bulk Storage]]
Then the same for offices, workshops, and public buildings;
- [[Flexible Office Space (146) | Flexible Office Space]]
- [[Communal Eating (147) | Communal Eating]]
- [[Small Work Groups (148) | Small Work Groups]]
- [[Reception Welcomes You (149) | Reception Welcomes You]]
- [[A Place to Wait (150) | A Place to Wait]]
- [[Small Meeting Rooms (151) | Small Meeting Rooms]]
- [[Half-Private Office (152) | Half-Private Office]]
Add those small outbuildings which must be slightly independent from the main structure, and put in the access from the upper stories to the street and gardens;
- [[Rooms to Rent (153) | Rooms to Rent]]
- [[Teenager's Cottage (154) | Teenager's Cottage]]
- [[Old Age Cottage (155) | Old Age Cottage]]
- [[Settled Work (156) | Settled Work]]
- [[Home Workshop (157) | Home Workshop]]
- [[Open Stairs (158) | Open Stairs]]
Prepare to knit the inside of the building to the outside, by treating the edge between the two as a place in its own right, and making human details there;
- [[Light on Two Sides of Every Room (159) | Light on Two Sides of Every Room]]
- [[Building Edge (160) | Building Edge]]
- [[Sunny Place (161) | Sunny Place]]
- [[North Face (162) | North Face]]
- [[Outdoor Room (163) | Outdoor Room]]
- [[Street Windows (164) | Street Windows]]
- [[Opening to the Street (165) | Opening to the Street]]
- [[Gallery Surround (166) | Gallery Surround]]
- [[Six-Foot Balcony (167) | Six-Foot Balcony]]
- [[Connection to the Earth (168) | Connection to the Earth]]
Decide on the arrangement of the gardens, and the places in the gardens;
- [[Terraced Slope (169) | Terraced Slope]]
- [[Fruit Trees (170) | Fruit Trees]]
- [[Tree Places (171) | Tree Places]]
- [[Garden Growing Wild (172) | Garden Growing Wild]]
- [[Garden Wall (173) | Garden Wall]]
- [[Trellised Walk (174) | Trellised Walk]]
- [[Greenhouse (175) | Greenhouse]]
- [[Garden Seat (176) | Garden Seat]]
- [[Vegetable Garden (177) | Vegetable Garden]]
- [[Compost (178) | Compost]]
Go back inside of the building and attach the necessary minor rooms and alcoves to complete the main rooms;
- [[Alcoves (179) | Alcoves]]
- [[Window Place (180) | Window Place]]
- [[The Fire (181) | The Fire]]
- [[Eating Atmosphere (182) | Eating Atmosphere]]
- [[Workspace Enclosure (183) | Workspace Enclosure]]
- [[Cooking Layout (184) | Cooking Layout]]
- [[Sitting Circle (185) | Sitting Circle]]
- [[Communal Sleeping (186) | Communal Sleeping]]
- [[Marriage Bed (187) | Marriage Bed]]
- [[Bed Alcove (188) | Bed Alcove]]
- [[Dressing Rooms (189) | Dressing Room]]
Fine tune the shape and size of rooms and alcoves to make them precise and buildable;
- [[Ceiling Height Variety (190) | Ceiling Height Variety]]
- [[The Shape of Indoor Space (191) | The Shape of Indoor Space]]
- [[Windows Overlooking Life (192) | Windows Overlooking Life]]
- [[Half-Open Wall (193) | Half-Open Wall]]
- [[Interior Windows (194) | Interior Windows]]
- [[Staircase Volume (195) | Staircase Volume]]
- [[Corner Doors (196) | Corner Doors]]
Give all walls some depth, wherever there are to be alcoves, windows, shelves, closets, or seats;
- [[Thick Walls (197) | Thick Walls]]
- [[Closets Between Rooms (198) | Closets Between Rooms]]
- [[Sunny Counter (199) | Sunny Counter]]
- [[Open Shelves (200) | Open Shelves]]
- [[Waist-High Shelf (201) | Waist-High Shelf]]
- [[Built-in Seats (202) | Built-in Seats]]
- [[Child Caves (203) | Child Caves]]
- [[Secret Place (204) | Secret Place]]
At this stage, you have a complete design for an individual building. If you have followed the patterns given, you have a scheme of spaces, either marked on the ground, with stakes, or on a piece of paper, accurate to the nearest foot or so. You know the height of the rooms, the rough size and position of windows and doors, and you know roughly how the roofs of the building, and the gardens are laid out. The next, and last part of the language, tells how to make a building directly from this rough scheme of spaces, and tells you how to build it, in detail. -- p. xxxii
Before you lay out structural details, establish a philosophy of structure which will let the structure grow directly from your plans and your conception of the buildings.
- [[Structure Follows Social Spaces (205) | Structure Follows Social Spaces]]
- [[Efficient Structure (206) | Efficient Structure]]
- [[Good Materials (207) | Good Materials]]
- [[Gradual Stiffening (208) | Gradual Stiffening]]
Within this philosophy of structure, on the basis of the plans which you have made, work out the complete structural layout; this is the last thing you do on paper, before you actually start to build;
- [[Roof Layout (209) | Roof Layout]]
- [[Floor and Ceiling Layout (210) | Floor and Ceiling Layout]]
- [[Thickening the Outer Walls (211) | Thickening the Outer Walls]]
- [[Columns at the Corners (212) | Columns at the Corners]]
- [[Final Column Distribution (213) | Final Column Distribution]]
Put stakes in the ground to mark the columns on the site, and start erecting the main frame of the building according to the layout of these stakes;
- [[Root Foundations (214) | Root Foundations]]
- [[Ground Floor Slab (215) | Ground Floor Slab]]
- [[Box Columns (216) | Box Columns]]
- [[Perimeter Beams (217) | Perimeter Beams]]
- [[Wall Membranes (218) | Wall Membranes]]
- [[Floor-Ceiling Vaults (219) | Floor-Ceiling Vaults]]
- [[Roof Vaults (220) | Roof Vaults]]
Within the main frame of the building, fix the exact positions for openings -- the doors and windows -- and frame these openings;
- [[Natural Doors and Windows (221) | Natural Doors and Windows]]
- [[Low Sill (222) | Low Sill]]
- [[Deep Reveals (223) | Deep Reveals]]
- [[Low Doorway (224) | Low Doorway]]
- [[Frames as Thickened Edges (225) | Frames and Thickened Edges]]
As you build the main frame and its openings, put in the following subsidiary patterns where they are appropriate;
- [[Column Place (226) | Column Place]]
- [[Column Connections (227) | Column Connection]]
- [[Stair Vault (228) | Stair Vault]]
- [[Duct Space (229) | Duct Space]]
- [[Radiant Heat (230) | Radiant Heat]]
- [[Dormer Windows (231) | Dormer Windows]]
- [[Roof Caps (232) | Roof Caps]]
Put in the surfaces and indoor details;
- [[Floor Surface (233) | Floor Surface]]
- [[Lapped Outside Walls (234) | Lapped Outside Walls]]
- [[Soft Inside Walls (235) | Soft Inside Walls]]
- [[Windows Which Open Wide (236) | Windows Which Open Wide]]
- [[Solid Doors with Glass (237) | Solid Doors with Glass]]
- [[Filtered Light (238) | Filtered Light]]
- [[Small Panes (239) | Small Panes]]
- [[Half-Inch Trim (240) | Half-Inch Trim]]
Build outdoor details to finish the outdoors as fully a the indoor spaces;
- [[Seat Spots (241) | Seat Spots]]
- [[Front Door Bench (242) | Front Door Bench]]
- [[Sitting Wall (243) | Sitting Wall]]
- [[Canvas Roofs (244) | Canvas Roofs]]
- [[Raised Flowers (245) | Raised Flowers]]
- [[Climbing Plants (246) | Climbing Plants]]
- [[Paving With Cracks Between the Stones (247) | Paving With Cracks Between the Stones]]
- [[Soft Tile and Brick (248) | Soft Tile and Brick]]
Complete the building with ornament and light and color and your own things;
- [[Ornament (249) | Ornament]]
- [[Warm Colors (250) | Warm Colors]]
- [[Different Chairs (251) | Different Chairs]]
- [[Pools of Light (252) | Pools of Light]]
- [[Things From Your Life (253) | Things From Your Life]]