diff --git a/config/dev.exs b/config/dev.exs
index adc6e40..0f96636 100644
--- a/config/dev.exs
+++ b/config/dev.exs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 import Config
 
+config :resource_kit, ResourceKit.Deref, adapter: ResourceKit.Deref.Local
+
 config :resource_kit, ResourceKitCLI.Endpoint, server: true
diff --git a/config/test.exs b/config/test.exs
index 83d5ab4..df699bd 100644
--- a/config/test.exs
+++ b/config/test.exs
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 import Config
 
+config :resource_kit, ResourceKit.Deref,
+  adapter: {ResourceKit.Deref.Local, directory: "test/fixtures"}
+
 config :resource_kit, ResourceKit.Repo,
   hostname: "localhost",
   database: "resource_kit_test",
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit.ex b/lib/resource_kit.ex
index 4572de1..299882d 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit.ex
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit do
   @moduledoc false
 
-  defdelegate insert(action, params), to: ResourceKit.Action.Insert, as: :run
+  defdelegate insert(action, params, opts), to: ResourceKit.Action.Insert, as: :run
 
-  defdelegate list(action, params), to: ResourceKit.Action.List, as: :run
+  defdelegate list(action, params, opts), to: ResourceKit.Action.List, as: :run
 end
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/action/skeleton.ex b/lib/resource_kit/action/skeleton.ex
index b1e6eb0..fa6110c 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/action/skeleton.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/action/skeleton.ex
@@ -55,14 +55,17 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.Skeleton do
       alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Token, as: CompileToken
       alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.Token, as: ExecuteToken
 
-      def run(action, params) do
-        with {:ok, %{action: action, references: references}} <- __compile__(action) do
-          __execute__(action, references, params)
+      def run(action, params, opts) do
+        with {:ok, %{action: action, references: references}} <- __compile__(action, opts) do
+          __execute__(action, references, params, opts)
         end
       end
 
-      defp __compile__(action) do
-        %CompileToken{action: action}
+      defp __compile__(action, opts) do
+        root = Keyword.fetch!(opts, :root)
+        context = %CompileToken.Context{root: root, current: root}
+
+        %CompileToken{action: action, context: context}
         |> Pluggable.run([&__MODULE__.compile(&1, [])])
         |> case do
           %CompileToken{halted: false} = token -> {:ok, token.assigns}
@@ -70,8 +73,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.Skeleton do
         end
       end
 
-      defp __execute__(action, references, params) do
-        %ExecuteToken{action: action, references: references, params: params}
+      defp __execute__(action, references, params, opts) do
+        root = Keyword.fetch!(opts, :root)
+        context = %ExecuteToken.Context{root: root, current: root}
+
+        %ExecuteToken{action: action, references: references, params: params, context: context}
         |> Pluggable.run([&__MODULE__.execute(&1, [])])
         |> case do
           %ExecuteToken{halted: false} = token -> ExecuteToken.fetch_assign(token, :result)
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/deref.ex b/lib/resource_kit/deref.ex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98a875e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/deref.ex
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+defmodule ResourceKit.Deref do
+  @moduledoc """
+  A behavior definition that developers can use to implement their own dereferencing logic.
+
+  ## Options
+
+    * `adapter` - A module that implemented the deref behaviour. Or `{adapter, opts}` if the adapter has options.
+  """
+
+  alias ResourceKit.Types
+
+  alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context
+  alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
+
+  @conf Application.compile_env(:resource_kit, [__MODULE__, :adapter], ResourceKit.Deref.Local)
+  @adapter if is_tuple(@conf), do: elem(@conf, 0), else: @conf
+  @opts if is_tuple(@conf), do: elem(@conf, 1), else: []
+
+  @callback resolve(ref :: Ref.t(), ctx :: Context.t()) ::
+              {:ok, Ref.t()} | {:error, Types.error()}
+
+  @callback fetch(ref :: Ref.t(), ctx :: Context.t()) ::
+              {:ok, Types.json_value()} | {:error, Types.error()}
+
+  defmacro __using__(_args) do
+    quote location: :keep do
+      @behaviour unquote(__MODULE__)
+
+      import unquote(__MODULE__)
+
+      @impl unquote(__MODULE__)
+      def resolve(ref, ctx) do
+        unquote(__MODULE__).absolute(ref, ctx)
+      end
+
+      defoverridable resolve: 2
+    end
+  end
+
+  defguard is_absolute(term) when is_struct(term, Ref) and is_binary(term.uri.scheme)
+
+  @spec absolute(ref :: Ref.t(), ctx :: Context.t()) :: {:ok, Ref.t()} | {:error, Types.error()}
+  def absolute(ref, ctx)
+
+  def absolute(%Ref{} = ref, %Context{}) when is_absolute(ref) do
+    {:ok, ref}
+  end
+
+  def absolute(%Ref{uri: uri}, %Context{current: %Ref{uri: current}}) do
+    {:ok, %Ref{uri: %{current | path: Path.expand(uri.path, current.path)}}}
+  end
+
+  @spec resolve(ref :: Ref.t(), ctx :: Context.t()) :: {:ok, Ref.t()} | {:error, Types.error()}
+  def resolve(ref, ctx) do
+    @adapter.resolve(ref, put_options(ctx))
+  end
+
+  @spec fetch(ref :: Ref.t(), ctx :: Context.t()) ::
+          {:ok, Types.json_value()} | {:error, Types.error()}
+  def fetch(ref, ctx) do
+    @adapter.fetch(ref, put_options(ctx))
+  end
+
+  defp put_options(ctx) do
+    %{ctx | opts: @opts}
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/deref/context.ex b/lib/resource_kit/deref/context.ex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe2b5b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/deref/context.ex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+defmodule ResourceKit.Deref.Context do
+  @moduledoc false
+
+  use TypedStruct
+
+  alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
+
+  typedstruct do
+    field :current, Ref.t(), enforce: true
+    field :opts, keyword(), default: []
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/deref/local.ex b/lib/resource_kit/deref/local.ex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b27b7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/deref/local.ex
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+defmodule ResourceKit.Deref.Local do
+  @moduledoc """
+  A deref implementation that loads a JSON document from a local directory.
+
+  ## Options
+
+    * `directory` - The root directory from which to load JSON documents. Defaults to `File.cwd/0`.
+  """
+
+  use ResourceKit.Deref
+
+  alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context
+  alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
+
+  @impl ResourceKit.Deref
+  def fetch(%Ref{uri: %URI{} = uri}, %Context{opts: opts}) do
+    directory = Keyword.get_lazy(opts, :directory, &File.cwd!/0)
+    file = uri.path |> Path.relative() |> Path.expand(directory)
+
+    with {:ok, content} <- fetch_file(file),
+         {:ok, value} <- decode_json(content) do
+      {:ok, value}
+    else
+      {:error, message} -> {:error, {message, path: uri.path}}
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp fetch_file(path) do
+    case File.read(path) do
+      {:ok, content} -> {:ok, content}
+      {:error, reason} -> {:error, "#{reason}"}
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp decode_json(content) do
+    case Jason.decode(content) do
+      {:ok, value} -> {:ok, value}
+      {:error, reason} -> {:error, Exception.message(reason)}
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/json_pointer/utils.ex b/lib/resource_kit/json_pointer/utils.ex
index 3bc5adc..df86f28 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/json_pointer/utils.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/json_pointer/utils.ex
@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.JSONPointer.Utils do
   def resolve(parent, [], ctx), do: {:ok, parent, ctx}
 
   def resolve(parent, [key | rest], ctx) when is_map(parent) do
-    case Map.fetch(parent, key) do
+    parent
+    |> stringify_keys()
+    |> Map.fetch(key)
+    |> case do
       {:ok, data} -> resolve(data, rest, push_token(ctx, key))
       :error -> {:error, {@key_not_exists, location: encode_location(ctx), key: key}}
     end
@@ -43,6 +46,16 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.JSONPointer.Utils do
     end
   end
 
+  defp stringify_keys(data) when is_struct(data) do
+    data
+    |> Map.from_struct()
+    |> stringify_keys()
+  end
+
+  defp stringify_keys(data) do
+    JetExt.Map.stringify_keys(data)
+  end
+
   # leading zeros are not allowed for index
   defp parse_index(<<?0, _x, _rest::binary>> = index) do
     {:error, {@index_has_leading_zeros, index: index}}
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref.ex b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref.ex
index c150fe4..2e841c3 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref.ex
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Deref do
 
   import ResourceKit.Guards
 
+  alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context, as: DerefContext
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Token
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
 
@@ -24,9 +25,9 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Deref do
   @impl Pluggable
   def call(%Token{halted: true} = token, _opts), do: token
 
-  def call(%Token{action: action} = token, _opts) do
-    with {:ok, action} <- deref_schema(action),
-         {:ok, action} <- deref_returning_schema(action) do
+  def call(%Token{action: action, context: ctx} = token, _opts) do
+    with {:ok, action} <- deref_schema(action, ctx),
+         {:ok, action} <- deref_returning_schema(action, ctx) do
       Token.put_assign(token, :action, action)
     else
       {:error, reason} ->
@@ -34,23 +35,23 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Deref do
     end
   end
 
-  defp deref_schema(%{"schema" => ref} = action) when is_ref(ref) do
+  defp deref_schema(%{"schema" => ref} = action, ctx) when is_ref(ref) do
     with {:ok, ref} <- cast_ref(ref),
-         {:ok, schema} <- ResourceKit.Utils.deref(ref) do
+         {:ok, schema} <- ResourceKit.Deref.fetch(ref, %DerefContext{current: ctx.current}) do
       {:ok, Map.put(action, "schema", schema)}
     end
   end
 
-  defp deref_schema(action), do: {:ok, action}
+  defp deref_schema(action, _ctx), do: {:ok, action}
 
-  defp deref_returning_schema(%{"returning_schema" => ref} = action) when is_ref(ref) do
+  defp deref_returning_schema(%{"returning_schema" => ref} = action, ctx) when is_ref(ref) do
     with {:ok, ref} <- cast_ref(ref),
-         {:ok, returning} <- ResourceKit.Utils.deref(ref) do
+         {:ok, returning} <- ResourceKit.Deref.fetch(ref, %DerefContext{current: ctx.current}) do
       {:ok, Map.put(action, "returning_schema", returning)}
     end
   end
 
-  defp deref_returning_schema(action), do: {:ok, action}
+  defp deref_returning_schema(action, _ctx), do: {:ok, action}
 
   defp cast_ref(ref) do
     ref |> Ref.changeset() |> Ecto.Changeset.apply_action(:insert)
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference.ex b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference.ex
index b491744..71f01d5 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference.ex
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.PreloadReference do
 
   @behaviour Pluggable
 
+  alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context, as: DerefContext
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Token
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Column
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
@@ -21,10 +22,10 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.PreloadReference do
   @impl Pluggable
   def call(%Token{halted: true} = token, _opts), do: token
 
-  def call(%Token{} = token, _opts) do
+  def call(%Token{context: context} = token, _opts) do
     action = Token.fetch_assign!(token, :action)
 
-    case preload_schema(action.schema) do
+    case preload_schema(action.schema, context) do
       {:ok, schema, references} ->
         token
         |> Token.put_assign(:action, %{action | schema: schema})
@@ -35,10 +36,10 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.PreloadReference do
     end
   end
 
-  defp preload_schema(%Schema{} = schema, references \\ %{}) do
+  defp preload_schema(%Schema{} = schema, context, references \\ %{}) do
     schema.columns
     |> Enum.reduce_while({:ok, [], references}, fn column, {:ok, columns, references} ->
-      case preload_column(column, references) do
+      case preload_column(column, context, references) do
         {:ok, column, references} -> {:cont, {:ok, [column | columns], references}}
         {:error, reason} -> {:halt, {:error, reason}}
       end
@@ -49,31 +50,39 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.PreloadReference do
     end
   end
 
-  defp preload_column(column, references)
+  defp preload_column(column, context, references)
 
-  defp preload_column(%Column.Literal{} = column, references), do: {:ok, column, references}
+  defp preload_column(%Column.Literal{} = column, _context, references),
+    do: {:ok, column, references}
 
-  defp preload_column(column, references)
+  defp preload_column(column, context, references)
        when is_struct(column, Column.Belongs) or is_struct(column, Column.Has) do
     with {:ok, schema, references} <-
-           resolve_association_schema(column.association_schema, references),
-         {:ok, _schema, references} <- preload_schema(schema, references) do
+           resolve_association_schema(column.association_schema, context, references),
+         {:ok, _schema, references} <-
+           preload_schema(schema, update_context(column.association_schema, context), references) do
       {:ok, column, references}
     end
   end
 
-  defp resolve_association_schema(%Ref{} = ref, references) do
-    case resolve(ref, references) do
+  defp resolve_association_schema(%Ref{} = ref, context, references) do
+    case resolve(ref, context, references) do
       {:ok, schema} -> {:ok, schema, Map.put_new(references, ref, schema)}
       {:error, reason} -> {:error, reason}
     end
   end
 
-  defp resolve_association_schema(schema, references), do: {:ok, schema, references}
+  defp resolve_association_schema(schema, _context, references), do: {:ok, schema, references}
 
-  defp resolve(ref, references) do
+  defp update_context(%Ref{uri: uri}, context) do
+    %{context | current: uri}
+  end
+
+  defp update_context(_schema, context), do: context
+
+  defp resolve(ref, context, references) do
     with :error <- Map.fetch(references, ref) do
-      ResourceKit.Utils.resolve_association_schema(ref)
+      ResourceKit.Utils.resolve_association_schema(ref, %DerefContext{current: context.current})
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/token.ex b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/token.ex
index 0884bd5..6bc8d98 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/token.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/token.ex
@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Token do
   @moduledoc false
 
+  use TypedStruct
   use ResourceKit.Pipeline.Token
 
+  typedstruct module: Context do
+    field :root, URI.t(), enforce: true
+    field :current, URI.t(), enforce: true
+  end
+
   token do
     field :action, map(), enforce: true
+    field :context, Context.t(), enforce: true
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params.ex b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params.ex
index c82a99e..bad396c 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params.ex
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams do
 
   @behaviour Pluggable
 
+  alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context, as: DerefContext
   alias ResourceKit.JSONPointer.Absolute
   alias ResourceKit.JSONPointer.Relative
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.Token
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams do
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Pointer.Context
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Pointer.Data
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Pointer.Value
+  alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
 
   @impl Pluggable
   def init(args), do: args
@@ -81,12 +83,13 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams do
 
   defp handle_column(
          %Association{value: %Data{value: %Absolute{} = pointer}} = assoc,
-         definition,
+         %HasColumn{association_schema: schema} = definition,
          scope
        ) do
-    with {:ok, definition} <- fetch_association_definition(definition, assoc.name),
+    with {:ok, definition} <- fetch_association_definition(definition, scope.context, assoc.name),
          {:ok, _value, location} <- __MODULE__.Scope.resolve(pointer, scope),
          scope = %{scope | current_value: scope.root_value, location: location},
+         scope = update_context(schema, scope),
          {:ok, value} <- handle_changeset(assoc.changeset, definition, scope) do
       {:ok, assoc.name, value}
     else
@@ -97,12 +100,13 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams do
 
   defp handle_column(
          %Association{value: %Data{value: %Relative{} = pointer}} = assoc,
-         definition,
+         %HasColumn{association_schema: schema} = definition,
          scope
        ) do
-    with {:ok, definition} <- fetch_association_definition(definition, assoc.name),
+    with {:ok, definition} <- fetch_association_definition(definition, scope.context, assoc.name),
          {:ok, _value, location} <- __MODULE__.Scope.resolve(pointer, scope),
          scope = %{scope | location: location},
+         scope = update_context(schema, scope),
          {:ok, value} <- handle_changeset(assoc.changeset, definition, scope) do
       {:ok, assoc.name, value}
     else
@@ -115,9 +119,14 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams do
     {:ok, assoc.name, nil}
   end
 
-  defp handle_column(%Association{value: %Value{value: value}} = assoc, definition, scope) do
-    with {:ok, definition} <- fetch_association_definition(definition, assoc.name),
+  defp handle_column(
+         %Association{value: %Value{value: value}} = assoc,
+         %HasColumn{association_schema: schema} = definition,
+         scope
+       ) do
+    with {:ok, definition} <- fetch_association_definition(definition, scope.context, assoc.name),
          scope = %{scope | current_value: value, location: []},
+         scope = update_context(schema, scope),
          {:ok, value} <- handle_changeset(assoc.changeset, definition, scope) do
       {:ok, assoc.name, value}
     else
@@ -132,8 +141,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams do
     end
   end
 
-  defp fetch_association_definition(%HasColumn{association_schema: schema}, name) do
-    with {:ok, schema} <- ResourceKit.Utils.resolve_association_schema(schema) do
+  defp fetch_association_definition(%HasColumn{association_schema: schema}, context, name) do
+    with {:ok, schema} <-
+           ResourceKit.Utils.resolve_association_schema(schema, %DerefContext{
+             current: context.current
+           }) do
       case Enum.find(schema.columns, &(&1.name === name)) do
         %HasColumn{} = definition -> {:ok, definition}
         %LiteralColumn{} -> {:error, {"is not an association definition", validation: :custom}}
@@ -142,6 +154,12 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams do
     end
   end
 
+  defp update_context(%Ref{uri: uri}, %__MODULE__.Scope{context: context} = scope) do
+    %{scope | context: %{context | current: uri}}
+  end
+
+  defp update_context(_schema, scope), do: scope
+
   defp resolve_value(%Context{value: pointer}, scope) do
     case ResourceKit.JSONPointer.resolve(pointer, scope.context) do
       {:ok, value, location} -> {:ok, value, location}
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params/scope.ex b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params/scope.ex
index ff65885..73a2a69 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params/scope.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params/scope.ex
@@ -20,11 +20,13 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParams.Scope do
   alias ResourceKit.JSONPointer.Context
   alias ResourceKit.JSONPointer.Relative
 
+  alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.Token
+
   typedstruct do
     field :root_value, Types.json_value(), enforce: true
     field :current_value, Types.json_value(), enforce: true
     field :location, [token()], default: []
-    field :context, map(), enforce: true
+    field :context, Token.Context.t(), enforce: true
   end
 
   @typep token() :: binary() | integer()
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/token.ex b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/token.ex
index aa24cc7..01d9b88 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/token.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/token.ex
@@ -1,16 +1,22 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.Token do
   @moduledoc false
 
+  use TypedStruct
   use ResourceKit.Pipeline.Token
 
   alias ResourceKit.Types
 
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
 
+  typedstruct module: Context do
+    field :root, URI.t(), enforce: true
+    field :current, URI.t(), enforce: true
+  end
+
   token do
     field :action, struct(), enforce: true
     field :references, %{Ref.t() => map()}, enforce: true
     field :params, Types.json_value(), enforce: true
-    field :context, map(), default: %{}
+    field :context, Context.t(), enforce: true
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit/utils.ex b/lib/resource_kit/utils.ex
index 33bf1c2..1753ea2 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit/utils.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit/utils.ex
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Utils do
 
   alias ResourceKit.Types
 
+  alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context, as: DerefContext
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Column
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Schema
@@ -80,12 +81,6 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Utils do
     Map.fetch!(@generators, type)
   end
 
-  # TODO: implement
-  @spec deref(ref :: map()) :: {:ok, Types.json_value()}
-  def deref(_ref) do
-    {:ok, %{}}
-  end
-
   @spec fetch_primary_key(schema :: Schema.t(), opts :: keyword()) ::
           {:ok, atom()} | {:ok, {atom(), atom()}} | :error
   def fetch_primary_key(schema, opts \\ [])
@@ -107,18 +102,17 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Utils do
     end)
   end
 
-  @spec resolve_association_schema(ref_or_schema :: Ref.t() | Schema.t()) ::
+  @spec resolve_association_schema(ref_or_schema :: Ref.t() | Schema.t(), ctx :: DerefContext.t()) ::
           {:ok, Schema.t()} | {:error, Ecto.Changeset.t() | Types.error()}
-  def resolve_association_schema(%Ref{} = ref) do
-    # use qualified names of internal functions so that mimic works
-    with {:ok, params} <- __MODULE__.deref(ref) do
+  def resolve_association_schema(%Ref{} = ref, ctx) do
+    with {:ok, params} <- ResourceKit.Deref.fetch(ref, ctx) do
       params
       |> Schema.changeset()
       |> Ecto.Changeset.apply_action(:insert)
     end
   end
 
-  def resolve_association_schema(%Schema{} = schema), do: {:ok, schema}
+  def resolve_association_schema(%Schema{} = schema, _ctx), do: {:ok, schema}
 
   @spec __root__() :: binary()
   def __root__, do: "root"
diff --git a/lib/resource_kit_plug/controller.ex b/lib/resource_kit_plug/controller.ex
index 76a438f..898401f 100644
--- a/lib/resource_kit_plug/controller.ex
+++ b/lib/resource_kit_plug/controller.ex
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@ defmodule ResourceKitPlug.Controller do
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
   alias ResourceKit.Schema.Request
 
-  # TODO: remove this when deref is implemented
-  @dialyzer {:no_match, fetch_action: 1}
-
   for type <- [:insert, :list] do
     @spec unquote(type)(request :: map(), ctx :: PhxJsonRpc.Router.Context.t()) :: map()
     def unquote(type)(request, _ctx) do
@@ -43,7 +40,9 @@ defmodule ResourceKitPlug.Controller do
   end
 
   defp fetch_action(%Request{uri: uri}) do
-    case ResourceKit.Utils.deref(%Ref{uri: uri}) do
+    alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context
+
+    case ResourceKit.Deref.fetch(%Ref{uri: uri}, %Context{current: %Ref{uri: uri}}) do
       {:ok, action} ->
         {:ok, action}
 
@@ -54,8 +53,8 @@ defmodule ResourceKitPlug.Controller do
     end
   end
 
-  defp run(%Request{params: params}, type, action) do
-    case apply(ResourceKit, type, [action, params]) do
+  defp run(%Request{uri: uri, params: params}, type, action) do
+    case apply(ResourceKit, type, [action, params, [root: uri]]) do
       {:ok, result} ->
         {:ok, result}
 
diff --git a/test/fixtures/actions/insert_with_associations.json b/test/fixtures/actions/insert_with_associations.json
index e27b5ad..4d17d52 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/actions/insert_with_associations.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/actions/insert_with_associations.json
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
         "primary_key": true
       },
       {
-        "name": "ip",
+        "name": "uri",
         "type": "text"
       },
       {
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@
     "changes": [
       {
         "type": "column",
-        "name": "ip",
+        "name": "uri",
         "value": {
           "type": "context",
-          "value": "/ip"
+          "value": "/root"
         }
       },
       {
@@ -245,10 +245,10 @@
   "returning_schema": [
     {
       "type": "column",
-      "name": "ip",
+      "name": "uri",
       "value": {
         "type": "schema",
-        "value": "/ip"
+        "value": "/uri"
       }
     },
     {
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_test.exs
index 10e3b47..74e87b5 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @movie_name "movies"
   @movie_columns [
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieTest do
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_movie.json"]
   test "works", %{action: action} do
+    root = URI.new!("actions/insert_movie.json")
+
     params = %{
       "title" => "Spy x Family Code: White",
       "likes" => 2878,
@@ -37,11 +39,13 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieTest do
               "release_date" => ~D[2024-04-30],
               "created_at" => ~U[2023-12-22 14:23:07.000000Z],
               "tags" => ["Animation", "Comedy"]
-            }} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params)
+            }} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params, root: root)
   end
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_movie.json"]
   test "failed", %{action: action} do
+    root = URI.new!("actions/insert_movie.json")
+
     params = %{
       "title" => "Spy x Family Code: White",
       "likes" => 2878,
@@ -50,7 +54,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieTest do
       "tags" => ["Animation", "Comedy"]
     }
 
-    assert {:error, changeset} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params)
+    assert {:error, changeset} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params, root: root)
     assert match?(%{release_date: ["is invalid"]}, errors_on(changeset))
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs
index 9888c13..6ffd94b 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieWithCommentsByRefAssociationSchemaTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @movie_name "movies"
   @poster_name "posters"
@@ -44,10 +44,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieWithCommentsByRefAssociationSchemaTest d
 
   setup :setup_tables
   setup :load_jsons
-  setup :deref_json
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema.json"]
   test "works", %{action: action} do
+    root = URI.new!("actions/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema.json")
+
     params = %{
       "foo" => "foo",
       "title" => "Spy x Family Code: White",
@@ -91,6 +92,6 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieWithCommentsByRefAssociationSchemaTest d
                   ]
                 }
               ]
-            }} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params)
+            }} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params, root: root)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_test.exs
index 327c783..d387188 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/insert_movie_with_comments_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieWithCommentsTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @movie_name "movies"
   @poster_name "posters"
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieWithCommentsTest do
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_movie_with_comments.json"]
   test "works", %{action: action} do
+    root = URI.new!("actions/insert_movie_with_comments.json")
+
     params = %{
       "foo" => "foo",
       "title" => "Spy x Family Code: White",
@@ -105,6 +107,6 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.InsertMovieWithCommentsTest do
                   ]
                 }
               ]
-            }} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params)
+            }} = ResourceKit.insert(action, params, root: root)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs
index 32d13a5..847fc59 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_by_ref_association_schema_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListDirectorsWithMoviesByRefAssociationSchemaTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @director_name "directors"
   @movie_name "movies"
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListDirectorsWithMoviesByRefAssociationSchemaTest d
 
   setup :setup_tables
   setup :load_jsons
-  setup :deref_json
 
   @tag tables: [{@director_name, @director_columns}, {@movie_name, @movie_columns}]
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/list_directors_with_movies_by_ref_association_schema.json"]
@@ -28,9 +27,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListDirectorsWithMoviesByRefAssociationSchemaTest d
       {"M. Night Shyamalan", ["Trap", "The Watchers"]}
     ])
 
+    root = URI.new!("actions/list_directors_with_movies_by_ref_association_schema.json")
     params = %{"pagination" => %{"offset" => 0, "limit" => 2}}
 
-    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} = ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
+             ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
     assert match?(
              [
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_test.exs
index c26abc4..d1cd976 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListDirectorsWithMoviesTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @director_name "directors"
   @movie_name "movies"
@@ -27,9 +27,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListDirectorsWithMoviesTest do
       {"M. Night Shyamalan", ["Trap", "The Watchers"]}
     ])
 
+    root = URI.new!("actions/list_directors_with_movies.json")
     params = %{"pagination" => %{"offset" => 0, "limit" => 2}}
 
-    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} = ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
+             ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
     assert match?(
              [
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_through_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_through_test.exs
index d1b970e..180d465 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_through_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/list_directors_with_movies_through_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListDirectorsWithMoviesThroughTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @director_name "directors"
   @director_columns [
@@ -36,9 +36,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListDirectorsWithMoviesThroughTest do
       {"M. Night Shyamalan", ["Trap", "The Watchers"]}
     ])
 
+    root = URI.new!("actions/list_directors_with_movies_through.json")
     params = %{"pagination" => %{"offset" => 0, "limit" => 2}}
 
-    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} = ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
+             ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
     assert match?(
              [
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_test.exs
index f49dff8..7c16f52 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @movie_name "movies"
   @movie_columns [
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesTest do
 
       setup_dataset(@movie_name, @movie_columns, rows)
 
+      root = URI.new!("actions/list_movies.json")
+
       filter = %{
         "operator" => "eq",
         "operands" => [
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesTest do
       }
 
       assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
-               ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+               ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
       assert match?([%{"标题" => "Longlegs"}, %{"标题" => "Trap"}], data)
       assert match?(%{"offset" => 0, "limit" => 2, "total" => 3}, pagination)
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesTest do
       }
 
       assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
-               ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+               ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
       assert match?([%{"标题" => "Twisters"}], data)
       assert match?(%{"offset" => 2, "limit" => 2, "total" => 3}, pagination)
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_director_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_director_test.exs
index 78bc860..5c7098c 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_director_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_director_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesWithDirectorTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @director_name "directors"
   @movie_name "movies"
@@ -30,9 +30,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesWithDirectorTest do
       {"M. Night Shyamalan", ["Trap", "The Watchers"]}
     ])
 
+    root = URI.new!("actions/list_movies_with_director.json")
     params = %{"pagination" => %{"offset" => 0, "limit" => 2}}
 
-    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} = ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
+             ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
     assert match?(
              [
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_test.exs
index 86c8ae5..405036a 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesWithPosterTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @movie_name "movies"
   @poster_name "posters"
@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesWithPosterTest do
       {"The Watchers", "https://posters.movie.org/the-watchers.png"}
     ])
 
+    root = URI.new!("actions/list_movies_with_poster.json")
     params = %{"pagination" => %{"offset" => 0, "limit" => 2}}
 
-    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} = ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
+             ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
     assert match?(
              [
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_through_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_through_test.exs
index 99543fe..1c03e35 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_through_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/action/list_movies_with_poster_through_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesWithPosterThroughTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   @movie_name "movies"
   @movie_columns [
@@ -38,9 +38,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Action.ListMoviesWithPosterThroughTest do
       {"The Watchers", "https://posters.movie.org/the-watchers.png"}
     ])
 
+    root = URI.new!("actions/list_movies_with_poster_through.json")
     params = %{"pagination" => %{"offset" => 0, "limit" => 2}}
 
-    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} = ResourceKit.list(action, params)
+    assert {:ok, %{"data" => data, "pagination" => pagination}} =
+             ResourceKit.list(action, params, root: root)
 
     assert match?(
              [
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/deref_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/deref_test.exs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edc05dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/resource_kit/deref_test.exs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+defmodule ResourceKit.DerefTest do
+  use ExUnit.Case, async: true
+
+  alias ResourceKit.Deref.Context
+  alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
+
+  @id "volume://action:deployment@/actions/movies/insert.json"
+  @ctx %Context{current: %Ref{uri: URI.new!(@id)}}
+
+  test "absolute uri" do
+    uri = "volume://action:deployment@/actions/movies/insert.json"
+    assert {:ok, ^uri} = absolute(uri)
+  end
+
+  test "relative uri" do
+    assert {:ok, "volume://action:deployment@/actions/movies/list.json"} =
+             absolute("../list.json")
+  end
+
+  test "relative uri with many parent" do
+    assert {:ok, "volume://action:deployment@/list.json"} = absolute("../../../../list.json")
+  end
+
+  defp absolute(uri) do
+    case ResourceKit.Deref.absolute(%Ref{uri: URI.new!(uri)}, @ctx) do
+      {:ok, ref} -> {:ok, URI.to_string(ref.uri)}
+      {:error, reason} -> {:error, reason}
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/cast_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/cast_test.exs
index e2b6dd7..c5cd070 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/cast_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/cast_test.exs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.CastTest do
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Cast
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Token
@@ -38,8 +38,11 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.CastTest do
   end
 
   defp setup_token(ctx) do
-    %{action: action} = ctx
+    %{jsons: jsons, action: action} = ctx
 
-    [token: %Token{action: action, assigns: %{action: action}}]
+    uri = jsons |> Keyword.fetch!(:action) |> URI.new!()
+    context = %Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
+
+    [token: %Token{action: action, context: context, assigns: %{action: action}}]
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref_test.exs
index d7bb8d8..55e187c 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/deref_test.exs
@@ -1,19 +1,18 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.DerefTest do
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Deref
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Token
 
   setup :load_jsons
-  setup :deref_json
 
   describe "call/2" do
     @tag jsons: [
            action: "actions/insert_with_ref_schema.json",
            schema: "schemas/movies.json"
          ]
-    test "deref schema", %{action: action, schema: schema} do
-      token = %Token{action: action}
+    test "deref schema", %{schema: schema} = ctx do
+      token = build_token(ctx)
 
       assert %Token{halted: false} = token = Deref.call(token, [])
       assert {:ok, %{"schema" => ^schema}} = Token.fetch_assign(token, :action)
@@ -23,11 +22,17 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.DerefTest do
            action: "actions/insert_with_ref_returning.json",
            returning: "returnings/movies.json"
          ]
-    test "deref returning", %{action: action, returning: returning} do
-      token = %Token{action: action}
+    test "deref returning", %{returning: returning} = ctx do
+      token = build_token(ctx)
 
       assert %Token{halted: false} = token = Deref.call(token, [])
       assert {:ok, %{"returning_schema" => ^returning}} = Token.fetch_assign(token, :action)
     end
   end
+
+  defp build_token(ctx) do
+    %{jsons: jsons, action: action} = ctx
+    uri = jsons |> Keyword.fetch!(:action) |> URI.new!()
+    %Token{action: action, context: %Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}}
+  end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference_test.exs
index 5c95584..33fda47 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/compile/preload_reference_test.exs
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.PreloadReferenceTest do
   use Snapshy
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Cast
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.PreloadReference
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.Token
 
   setup :load_jsons
-  setup :deref_json
   setup :setup_action
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema.json"]
@@ -21,10 +20,12 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile.PreloadReferenceTest do
   end
 
   defp setup_action(ctx) do
-    %{action: action} = ctx
+    %{jsons: jsons, action: action} = ctx
 
+    uri = jsons |> Keyword.fetch!(:action) |> URI.new!()
+    context = %Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
     opts = Cast.init(schema: ResourceKit.Schema.Action.Insert)
 
-    [token: Cast.call(%Token{action: action, assigns: %{action: action}}, opts)]
+    [token: Cast.call(%Token{action: action, context: context, assigns: %{action: action}}, opts)]
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params_test.exs
index 88f6559..eadd570 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_params_test.exs
@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Compile
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute
 
   setup :load_jsons
-  setup :deref_json
   setup :setup_action
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_with_associations.json"]
   test "works", %{action: action} do
+    uri = URI.new!("actions/insert_with_associations.json")
     caption = "Spy x Family Code: White"
-    ip = "192.168.168.192"
 
     params = %{
       "caption" => caption,
@@ -27,14 +26,14 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
       action: action,
       references: %{},
       params: params,
-      context: %{"ip" => ip}
+      context: %Execute.Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
     }
 
     assert %Execute.Token{halted: false} = token = Execute.BuildParams.call(token, [])
 
     assert {:ok,
             %{
-              "ip" => ^ip,
+              "uri" => ^uri,
               "title" => ^caption,
               "released" => true,
               "poster" => %{
@@ -51,8 +50,8 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_with_associations.json"]
   test "association could be nil", %{action: action} do
+    uri = URI.new!("actions/insert_with_associations.json")
     caption = "Spy x Family Code: White"
-    ip = "192.168.168.192"
 
     params = %{"caption" => caption, "default_age" => 24}
 
@@ -60,14 +59,14 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
       action: action,
       references: %{},
       params: params,
-      context: %{"ip" => ip}
+      context: %Execute.Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
     }
 
     assert %Execute.Token{halted: false} = token = Execute.BuildParams.call(token, [])
 
     assert {:ok,
             %{
-              "ip" => ^ip,
+              "uri" => ^uri,
               "title" => ^caption,
               "released" => true,
               "poster" => %{
@@ -80,7 +79,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_with_associations.json"]
   test "column could be nil", %{action: action} do
-    ip = "192.168.168.192"
+    uri = URI.new!("actions/insert_with_associations.json")
 
     params = %{
       "default_age" => 24,
@@ -95,14 +94,14 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
       action: action,
       references: %{},
       params: params,
-      context: %{"ip" => ip}
+      context: %Execute.Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
     }
 
     assert %Execute.Token{halted: false} = token = Execute.BuildParams.call(token, [])
 
     assert {:ok,
             %{
-              "ip" => ^ip,
+              "uri" => ^uri,
               "title" => nil,
               "released" => true,
               "poster" => %{
@@ -118,7 +117,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
   end
 
   @tag jsons: [action: "actions/insert_movie_with_comments_by_ref_association_schema.json"]
-  test "association schema with ref", %{action: action} do
+  test "association schema with ref", ctx do
     params = %{
       "foo" => "foo",
       "title" => "Spy x Family Code: White",
@@ -142,7 +141,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
       ]
     }
 
-    token = %Execute.Token{action: action, references: %{}, params: params}
+    token = build_token(ctx, params)
 
     assert %Execute.Token{halted: false} = token = Execute.BuildParams.call(token, [])
 
@@ -166,11 +165,26 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildParamsTest do
   end
 
   defp setup_action(ctx) do
-    %{action: action} = ctx
+    %{jsons: jsons, action: action} = ctx
 
+    uri = jsons |> Keyword.fetch!(:action) |> URI.new!()
     opts = Compile.Cast.init(schema: ResourceKit.Schema.Action.Insert)
-    token = Compile.Cast.call(%Compile.Token{action: action, assigns: %{action: action}}, opts)
+    context = %Compile.Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
+
+    token =
+      Compile.Cast.call(
+        %Compile.Token{action: action, context: context, assigns: %{action: action}},
+        opts
+      )
 
     [action: Compile.Token.fetch_assign!(token, :action)]
   end
+
+  defp build_token(ctx, params) do
+    %{jsons: jsons, action: action} = ctx
+
+    uri = jsons |> Keyword.fetch!(:action) |> URI.new!()
+    context = %Execute.Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
+    %Execute.Token{action: action, references: %{}, params: params, context: context}
+  end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_returning_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_returning_test.exs
index 25845a9..e653bc2 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_returning_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_returning_test.exs
@@ -169,10 +169,17 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildReturningTest do
   end
 
   defp setup_action(ctx) do
-    %{action: action} = ctx
+    %{jsons: jsons, action: action} = ctx
 
+    uri = jsons |> Keyword.fetch!(:action) |> URI.new!()
     opts = Compile.Cast.init(schema: ResourceKit.Schema.Action.Insert)
-    token = Compile.Cast.call(%Compile.Token{action: action, assigns: %{action: action}}, opts)
+    context = %Compile.Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
+
+    token =
+      Compile.Cast.call(
+        %Compile.Token{action: action, context: context, assigns: %{action: action}},
+        opts
+      )
 
     [action: Compile.Token.fetch_assign!(token, :action)]
   end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_test.exs
index f022373..949c5b8 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/build_test.exs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildTest do
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
   use TypedStruct
 
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.Build
@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.BuildTest do
   end
 
   defp build_token(action) do
-    Token.put_assign(%Token{action: action, references: %{}, params: %{}}, :params, %{})
+    uri = URI.new!("uri")
+    context = %Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
+
+    Token.put_assign(
+      %Token{action: action, references: %{}, params: %{}, context: context},
+      :params,
+      %{}
+    )
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/run_test.exs b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/run_test.exs
index 3d59664..3216ecd 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/run_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit/pipeline/execute/run_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.RunTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
+  use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, async: true
 
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.Run
   alias ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.Token
@@ -39,6 +39,13 @@ defmodule ResourceKit.Pipeline.Execute.RunTest do
   end
 
   defp build_token(multi) do
-    Token.put_assign(%Token{action: %{}, references: %{}, params: %{}}, :multi, multi)
+    uri = URI.new!("uri")
+    context = %Token.Context{root: uri, current: uri}
+
+    Token.put_assign(
+      %Token{action: %{}, references: %{}, params: %{}, context: context},
+      :multi,
+      multi
+    )
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/resource_kit_plug/controller_test.exs b/test/resource_kit_plug/controller_test.exs
index 58a692e..8ab582b 100644
--- a/test/resource_kit_plug/controller_test.exs
+++ b/test/resource_kit_plug/controller_test.exs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 defmodule ResourceKitPlug.ControllerTest do
   use ResourceKit.Case.Database, async: true
-  use ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline, async: true
 
   @uri "volume://action:deployment@/actions/movies/insert.json"
   @movie_name "movies"
@@ -38,9 +37,7 @@ defmodule ResourceKitPlug.ControllerTest do
 
   describe "fetch action" do
     test "fails" do
-      expect(ResourceKit.Utils, :deref, fn _ref -> {:error, {"does not exist", []}} end)
-
-      assert_raise PhxJsonRpc.Error.InvalidParams, ~r|does not exist|, fn ->
+      assert_raise PhxJsonRpc.Error.InvalidParams, ~r|enoent|, fn ->
         execute(:insert, %{
           uri: "volume://action:deployment@/actions/resources/operate.json",
           params: %{}
@@ -51,7 +48,6 @@ defmodule ResourceKitPlug.ControllerTest do
 
   describe "run" do
     setup :setup_tables
-    setup :deref_json
 
     @tag [tables: [{@movie_name, @movie_columns}]]
     test "message" do
diff --git a/test/support/resource_kit/case/pipeline.ex b/test/support/resource_kit/case/pipeline.ex
deleted file mode 100644
index 0a5a095..0000000
--- a/test/support/resource_kit/case/pipeline.ex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-defmodule ResourceKit.Case.Pipeline do
-  @moduledoc false
-
-  use ExUnit.CaseTemplate
-
-  using args do
-    directory = Keyword.get(args, :directory, "test/fixtures")
-
-    quote location: :keep do
-      use Mimic
-      use ResourceKit.Case.FileLoader, unquote(args)
-
-      alias ResourceKit.Schema.Ref
-
-      def deref_json(_) do
-        stub(ResourceKit.Utils, :deref, fn %Ref{uri: uri} ->
-          {:ok, load_json!(unquote(directory), uri.path)}
-        end)
-
-        :ok
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/test/test_helper.exs b/test/test_helper.exs
index eb8e5c2..30178b0 100644
--- a/test/test_helper.exs
+++ b/test/test_helper.exs
@@ -2,6 +2,4 @@
 
 Ecto.Adapters.SQL.Sandbox.mode(ResourceKit.Repo, :manual)
 
-Mimic.copy(ResourceKit.Utils)
-
 ExUnit.start(capture_log: true)